Death by Fungi
In Nature
this month there is an essay about natural catastrophes that might
overtake us. One of these focuses on the threat posed by local fungus
populations:
Doug A. Kaufman wrote:
According to the Mayo Clinic, cancer refers to any one of a large number of diseases characterized by the development of abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue. This is a fact that does not depend on the various theories. The theorizing begins when we run down the usual path thinking that cancer begins with damage (mutations) in our DNA. Our DNA is like a set of instructions for our cells, telling them how to grow and divide. Normal cells often develop mutations in their DNA, but they have the ability to repair most of these mutations. Or, if they can’t make the repairs, the cells frequently die. However, certain mutations aren’t repaired, causing the cells to grow and become cancerous… or so the story goes. Looking at the above definition we would be perfectly correct to say that yeasts and fungi are, in human terms, abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue.
A new study, published in December 2012 in Science, could explain why almost none of the new generation of “personalized” cancer drugs is a true cure, and suggests that drugs based on genetics alone will never achieve that holy grail. Scientists found that despite having identical genetic mutations, colorectal cancer cells behaved as differently as if they were genetic strangers. The findings challenge the prevailing view that genes determine how individual cells in a solid tumor behave, including how they respond to chemotherapy and how actively they propagate. The study suggests DNA is not the sole driver of tumors’ behavior.
“What our data are saying is, there are other biological properties that matter. Gene sequencing of tumors is definitely not the whole story when it comes to identifying which therapies will work. Our findings raise questions about the resources put into sequence, sequence, sequence,” said John Dick, molecular geneticist of the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto, who led the study. “That has led to one kind of therapeutic—molecularly-targeted drugs—but not the cures the public is being promised.”
This information takes the search for the true causes of cancer down a totally different path than it has been on. It opens the doors for looking at a fungal cause of cancer and perhaps will re-focus our cancer researchers on something other than DNA “chatter” (as Dr. Tullio Simoncini termed it) and toward a real cause that can be targeted with simpler remedies like the anti-fungal sodium bicarbonate and iodine.
Anyone who denies the link between cancer and fungi are fooling themselves. Oncologists are well aware of the late-stage infections that routinely accompany advanced cancers. Oncologists are also aware that infections are the cause of a good percentage of cancers[5],[6] ranging somewhere between 20 and 40 percent.
Fungi will also live almost anywhere. They have been found growing in the harshest of environments, in the desert and in polar regions, in the sea and on rocks. “The fact that fungi interact with heavy metals has potentially important consequences for human activity. Fungi also play a significant, if often overlooked, role in the degradation of rocks and stone—including building materials,” Professor Gadd said. “Despite this, their role as agents of environmental change has not been fully appreciated.”
Although viruses and bacteria grab more
attention, fungi are the planet’s biggest killers. Of all the pathogens
being tracked, fungi have caused more than 70% of the recorded global
and regional extinctions, and now threaten amphibians, bats and bees.
The Irish potato famine in the 1840s showed just how devastating such
pathogens can be. Phytophthora infestans (an organism similar to and
often grouped with fungi) wiped out as much as three-quarters of the
potato crop in Ireland and led to the death of one million people.
Researchers estimate that there are 1.5-5
million species of fungi in the world, but only 100,000 have been
identified. Reports of new types of fungal infection in plants and
animals have risen nearly tenfold since 1995.
Fungi are dreadful enemies. During their life cycle fungi depend on
other living beings, which must be exploited to different degrees for
their feeding. Fungi can develop from the hyphae, the more or less
beak-shaped specialized structures that allow the penetration of the
host. The shape of a fungus is never defined; it is imposed by the
environment in which the fungus develops. Fungi are capable of
implementing an infinite number of modifications to their own
metabolism in order to overcome the defense mechanism of the host.
These modifications are implemented through plasmatic and biochemical
actions as well as by a volumetric increase (hypertrophy) and numerical
hyperplasia[1] of the cells that have been attacked.
In 1999, Meinolf Karthaus, MD watched three different
children with leukemia suddenly go into remission upon receiving a
triple antifungal drug cocktail for their “secondary” fungal
infections.[2]
“Fungal infections can not only be extremely contagious, but they also go hand in hand with leukemia[3]—every
oncologist knows this. And these infections are devastating: once a
child who has become a bone marrow transplant recipient gets a
“secondary” fungal infection, his chances of living, despite all the
antifungals in the world, are only 20%, at best,” writes Dr. David
Holland.Doug A. Kaufman wrote:
The day I wrote this, a young lady phoned into
my syndicated radio talk show. Her three-year-old daughter was
diagnosed last year with leukemia. She believes antifungal drugs and
natural immune system therapy has been responsible for saving her
daughter’s life. She is now telling others with cancer about her
daughter’s case. After hearing her story, a friend of hers with bone
cancer asked her doctor for a prescriptive antifungal drug. To her
delight, this medication, meant to eradicate fungus, was also
eradicating her cancer. She dared not share this with her physician,
telling him only that the antifungal medication was for a “yeast”
infection. When she could no longer get the antifungal medication, the cancer immediately grew back.
Her physician contended that a few antifungal pills surely should have
cured her yeast infection. It is my contention, however, that the
reason this medication worked was because she did have a yeast
infection not a vaginal infection for which this medication was
prescribed; a fungal infection of the bone that may have been mimicking
bone cancer.
Many cancer patients find the true fungal link
to their cancer only to succumb to heart disease or immune deficiency
caused by traditional cancer treatment. If this case were an isolated
event, it might be referred to as “coincidental.” I have been able to
plead with doctors of advanced cancer patients to at least try
antifungal drugs for their patients. Afterwards, simply amazing reports
have come forth. Several of these have been published in The Germ That Causes Cancer.
A medical textbook used to educate Johns Hopkins
medical students in 1957, Clinical and Immunologic Aspects of Fungous
Diseases, declared that many fungal conditions look exactly like
cancer!- Doug A. Kaufmann The Germ That Causes Cancer
Cancer is a biologically-induced spore (fungus) transformation disease.- Dr. Milton W. White
The University of Michigan Cancer Center has proclaimed that current
chemotherapy targets the “wrong” cells. The Ann Arbor researchers
discovered that not all cells in a tumor are equally malignant. Only a
tiny minority of tumor cells are actually capable of inducing new
cancers; the rest are relatively harmless. “These tumor-inducing cells
have many of the properties of stem cells,” said Michael F. Clarke, MD,
a professor of internal medicine who directed the study. “They make
copies of themselves—a process called self-renewal—and produce all the
other kinds of cells in the original tumor.”[4] According to the Mayo Clinic, cancer refers to any one of a large number of diseases characterized by the development of abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue. This is a fact that does not depend on the various theories. The theorizing begins when we run down the usual path thinking that cancer begins with damage (mutations) in our DNA. Our DNA is like a set of instructions for our cells, telling them how to grow and divide. Normal cells often develop mutations in their DNA, but they have the ability to repair most of these mutations. Or, if they can’t make the repairs, the cells frequently die. However, certain mutations aren’t repaired, causing the cells to grow and become cancerous… or so the story goes. Looking at the above definition we would be perfectly correct to say that yeasts and fungi are, in human terms, abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue.
A new study, published in December 2012 in Science, could explain why almost none of the new generation of “personalized” cancer drugs is a true cure, and suggests that drugs based on genetics alone will never achieve that holy grail. Scientists found that despite having identical genetic mutations, colorectal cancer cells behaved as differently as if they were genetic strangers. The findings challenge the prevailing view that genes determine how individual cells in a solid tumor behave, including how they respond to chemotherapy and how actively they propagate. The study suggests DNA is not the sole driver of tumors’ behavior.
“What our data are saying is, there are other biological properties that matter. Gene sequencing of tumors is definitely not the whole story when it comes to identifying which therapies will work. Our findings raise questions about the resources put into sequence, sequence, sequence,” said John Dick, molecular geneticist of the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto, who led the study. “That has led to one kind of therapeutic—molecularly-targeted drugs—but not the cures the public is being promised.”
This information takes the search for the true causes of cancer down a totally different path than it has been on. It opens the doors for looking at a fungal cause of cancer and perhaps will re-focus our cancer researchers on something other than DNA “chatter” (as Dr. Tullio Simoncini termed it) and toward a real cause that can be targeted with simpler remedies like the anti-fungal sodium bicarbonate and iodine.
Anyone who denies the link between cancer and fungi are fooling themselves. Oncologists are well aware of the late-stage infections that routinely accompany advanced cancers. Oncologists are also aware that infections are the cause of a good percentage of cancers[5],[6] ranging somewhere between 20 and 40 percent.
The idea that a proposed cancer germ could have more
than one form is a threat to doctors and some microbiologists. Indeed
the cancer germ has been described as having a virus-like and
fungus-like as well as a mycoplasma-like phase. – Dr. Alan Cantwell The Cancer Microbe
The shape of the fungus is never defined; it is imposed by the environment in which the fungus develops.
“In some cases, the aggressive power of fungi is so great as
to allow it, with only a cellular ring made up of three units, to
tighten in its grip, capture and kill its prey in a short time
notwithstanding the prey’s desperate struggling. Fungus, which
is the most powerful and the most organized micro-organism known, seems
to be an extremely logical candidate as a cause of neoplastic
proliferation,” Dr. Simoncini says, “Candida albicans clearly emerges
as the sole candidate for tumoral proliferation.”
Fungi are heterotrophs, meaning that they secrete
digestive enzymes and absorb the resulting soluble nutrients from
whatever they are growing on.
A new area of research being driven by Dundee University in Scotland
is revealing remarkable abilities of fungi to interact with minerals
and metals. Led by Professor Geoffrey Gadd
in the College of Life Sciences, the research explores the unique
taste that fungi seems to have for rock and heavy metal. Yeasts, moulds
and mushrooms are all fungi and there are an estimated 1.5 million
different species in the biosphere. By breaking down dead organic
material, they continue the cycle of nutrients through ecosystems, and
most plants could not grow without the symbiotic fungi that inhabit
their roots and supply essential nutrients.Fungi will also live almost anywhere. They have been found growing in the harshest of environments, in the desert and in polar regions, in the sea and on rocks. “The fact that fungi interact with heavy metals has potentially important consequences for human activity. Fungi also play a significant, if often overlooked, role in the degradation of rocks and stone—including building materials,” Professor Gadd said. “Despite this, their role as agents of environmental change has not been fully appreciated.”
[1] Enlargement of a part due to an abnormal numerical increase of its cells.
[3]
Dr. David Holland wrote that in 1999 Dr. Meinolf Karthaus watched three
different children with leukemia suddenly go into remission upon
receiving a triple antifungal drug cocktail for their “secondary”
fungal infections. Pre-dating that, Mark Bielski stated back in 1997
that leukemia, whether acute or chronic, is intimately associated with
the yeast, Candida albicans. Dr. J. Walter Wilson, in his textbook of
clinical mycology a half a century ago said that “it has been
established that histoplasmosis and such reticuloendothelioses as
leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease, lymphosarcoma, and sarcoidosis are found
to be coexistent much more frequently than is statistically justifiable
on the basis of coincidence.” Histoplasmosis is what we call an “endemic” fungal infection.
The late Dr. Milton White believed that cancer is a “chronic,
intracellular, infectious, biologically induced spore (fungus)
transformation disease.”
[5] Charting the Path from Infection to Cancer; NCI Cancer Bulletin, Sept. 22, 2009; http://www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/ncicancerbulletin/archive/2009/092209/page5
[6] Infectious causes of colorectal cancer. Hasan N, Pollack A, Cho I. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2010 Dec;24(4):1019-39, x. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2010.07.009.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20937463
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20937463
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